Marble and limestone are common building materials due to their durability.
Marble and acid.
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Stone buildings and monuments in acid rain.
When sulfurous sulfuric and nitric acids in polluted air and rain react with the calcite in marble and limestone the calcite dissolves.
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals most commonly calcite or dolomite marble is typically not foliated although there are exceptions in geology the term marble refers to metamorphosed limestone but its use in stonemasonry more broadly encompasses unmetamorphosed limestone.
Marble and limestone have long been preferred materials for constructing durable buildings and monuments.
Acid precipitation affects stone primarily in two ways.
Stone surface material may be lost all over or only in spots that are more reactive.
Also note that for marble acid is kryptonite so do your best to keep things like wine and lemon juice or even cleaners that contain vinegar away from the surface.
Click each image to see positive and negative results of the acid test.
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How does acid precipitation affect marble and limestone buildings.
When sulfurous sulfuric and nitric acids in polluted air react with the calcite in marble and limestone the calcite dissolves.
Every serious field geologist carries a small bottle of 10 percent hydrochloric acid to perform this quick field test used to distinguish the most common carbonate rocks dolomite and limestone or marble which may be composed of either mineral a few drops of the acid are put on the rock and limestone responds by fizzing vigorously.
However since the onset of acid rain these materials are at risk from erosion.
In exposed areas of buildings and statues we see roughened surfaces removal of material and loss of carved details.
Acid rain contains sulfuric acid which reacts with calcium carbonate to create aqueous ions.
Marble reaction with hydrochloric acid drop a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid on an area of your sample that has been scratched by a nail.
